Dsm-Iv Criteria for Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia Nervosa DSM-IV Criteria for Anorexia Nervosa A) Refusal to maintain body weight at or above a minimally normal weight for succession and height. Weight loss leading to maintenance of body weight little than 85% of that expected or distress to make weight impinge on during period of growth leading to body weight less(prenominal) than 85% of that expected. B) Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat horizontal though under -weight. C) Disturbance in the way virtuosos body weight or shape is experienced undue exploit of body weight on egotism -evaluation or denial of the seriousness of the current low body weight. DSM-IV) The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual contains 3 eating disorders Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa and Eating Disorder Not other Specified. Although Anorexia Nervosa (AN) ordain be the focus of this report it is worth noning the 3 disorders be very(prenominal) similar and in fact Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified is the name given to the disorder when only 1 measuring rod for AN is missing for example if a patients weight loss is still in the normal range despite hearty weight loss or if a patient still menstruates.Bulimia Nervosa is when the patient excessively over-eats and purges but does non experience significant weight loss. (Franco 2012) Main Symptoms The main symptom is radical thinness that has no medical cause and accustomedly a pre-occupation with f be. AN witnessms alike a physical ailment when in fact it is a mental one. Heart-rhythm disturbances digestive abnormalities bone density loss anemia and hormonal and electrolyte imbalances argon the virtually common physical symptoms and in severe cases organ failure can lead to death.The patient allow for very r atomic number 18ly gratuity to the Doctor for treatment alone due to denial of having a task being an intrinsic part of the disorder. Young patients lead a good deal be taken to the Doctor by a concerned p atomic number 18nt with the usual symptoms being a sudden withdrawal from family or friends and a neglect of interest in formerly enjoyed activities as well as significant weight loss. (Phillips 2010)Bulimia and AN go hand in hand with many cooccur symptoms such(prenominal) as disordered thinking. Up to 50% of patients with AN separate binge-eating syndrome and a smaller percentage of patients who are initially bulimic develop AN. (Franco) AN sufferers have an extremely distorted perception of themselves. Where others whitethorn see a once beautiful girl wasting away the patient may perceive that she is succeeding at looking after herself and has enormous self -control that others lack. (Watters 2010) Men or boys who have AN tend to have other psychological problems while women and girls are more likely to be perfectionist and displeased with their bodies. Dryden-Edwards 2012) Bio-Psycho-Social Factors AN is the most obvious physically but attempting to treat just the biological symptoms will have l ittle long term effect. Studies suggest social factors are what cause AN and indeed AN is little known in non-industrialised countries that do not subscribe to a Hollywood ideal of beauty which is easy to see is unattainable by the come person due to the unrealness of it. Not steady the celebrities look like their on-screen personas in real life thanks to motion-picture show shopping and professional make-up artists.Its good to see Australian teen magazines are helping their target audience develop a healthy body image by having something called a reality unwrap alert. If the magazine is sent a celeb picture that has already been re-touched they will print a little disclaimer next to it reminding their readers its not natural. A healthy body image is the first step to preventing AN and Bulimia. Edward Shorter a medical historian working today believes that complaintes like AN are a culturally agreed-upon expression of internal distress.Richard Gordon writes in Eating Disorders- Anatomy of a Social Epidemic Individuals with pre-existing mood or anxiety disorders or a whole host of under-lying psychopathologies or developmental vulnerabilities histories of sexual squall or familial concerns with weight control may be pre-disposed to adopting such culturally sanctioned behaviours as modes of managing unbearable levels of distress. (Watters 2010) This means that social factors are probably the most important aspect of wherefore this particular illness developed but the propensity to develop a culturally particularised disorder came from psychological issues.This does not make the illness any less real or deserving of medical care just that practitioners occupy to develop a care plan based on a holistic approach and discern that the starvation is secondary to psychological issues. The quotes are not meant to downplay the role body image has in the illness but there may be more at send than poor body image that the sufferer has poorly defined feelings of lack that find a culturally recognised home in AN. AN has the highest relative incidence of suicide than any other mental illness and sufferers are 32 more times likely than average to commit suicide. Butterfly Foundation) yesteryear Treatment Anorexia-type symptoms began presenting to doctors in adolescent girls during the 1850s at the height of the frenzy epidemic. At first it was a strange manifestation of the well -known womens illness (well known at the time-it has disappeared from the medical canon today) but by 1860 it was becoming common for youngish women to starve themselves. In 1873 the model for AN that we would recognise today became well known but with the name Hysterical Anorexia.Treatment was ordinarily hospitalisation with Doctors reporting being perplexed that their patients did not seem to indigence to get well. Treatments in the 1970s tended to conform to the medical model with implemented hospitalisation and force feeding. (Watters 2010) Todays Treatment T oday one-on-one and family counselling is just as important as nutrition education. some sufferers display perfectionist tendancies so Cognitive Behavioral Therapy seems to be the most trenchant treatment in helping sufferers understand their irrational thought patterns.The average patient suffers from AN for 7 years and while 5% of the population may have AN at any time the illness has a 15%-20% mortality rate (Butterfly Foundation) which makes it the highest mortality rate of any mental illness so early detection and treatment is essential for a positive(p) prognosis. Significant Behaviours One of the hardest behaviours for family and friends of sufferers to understand or come to terms with is the patients immersion with food but refusal to eat it.The sufferer shows signs of being compulsive when it comes to food working out how many calories each portion of food contains and fashioning a diet and slavishly sticking to it and punishing themselves if they eat likewise much f or example an unplanned piece of birthday cake. AN sufferers are often addicted to exercise and will exercise up to 6 hours a day. AN sufferes necessarily have to lie to family and friends about their behaviour and this can crap another level of strain on the patient as they are often high achievers and good girls and in fact sufferers redominately come from the diaphragm and upper socio-economic classes and more often than not have high levels of faculty member success. (Dryden-Edwards 2012) Personal Qualities and Professional Skills As a case worker one needs to be prepared to work with family and friends of your lymph gland in a way that you may feel conflicts with confidentiality issues. The important thing is keeping your client alive while helping her find a psychiatrist or psychologist who can help her get to the bottom of the underlying issues.A lot of patience will be required on a personal level and if you feel the impulse to grab your client and shake her and cry why wont you eat dammit perhaps a little investigate wont go astray. The otherside to that is not to become too emotionally involved. Hopefully her family and friends are a strong support but otherwise find out about support groups for your client but watch the pro-ana groups that are trying to turn an illness that claims many beautiful young people and turn it into a lifestyle choice. 1225 words References and Bibliography Mum please Help Phillips Karen Webster Irina MD.Clearview Books 2010. Crazy like us- The Globalization of the American Psyche Watters Ethan. necessitous Press 2010 Case Studies in Abnormal Psychology Oltmanns Thomas F. Neale bath M. Davison Gerald C. John Wiley & Sons 2003 Anorexia Nervosa Dryden Edwards Roxanne MD httpwww. medicinet. com Retrieved 10/11/2012 Eating Disorders Franco Kathleen N. http www. clevelandclinicmeded. com Retrieved 10/11/2012 DSM-IV Diagnostic Criteria for Anorexia Nervosa Taken from DSM-IV http www. medicalcriteria. com Created 3/7/ 2005 Retrieved 10/11/2012 www. butterfly foundation. com Site dedicated to education about Anorexia